A hydraulic load cell is a force-measuring device that uses hydraulic pressure to determine the applied load. It operates based on Pascal’s principle, where an external force applied to a fluid-filled chamber results in a pressure change that can be measured using a pressure gauge. Hydraulic load cells are commonly used in industrial applications requiring precise force measurement.
Strain Gauge Load Cell: Definition, Working, Construction, Types, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
A strain gauge load cell is a force-measuring device that converts mechanical force into an electrical signal. It operates based on the principle of strain measurement, where an applied force deforms a structure, and the strain gauge sensors detect the change in resistance, providing an accurate weight or force measurement.
Bellows Pressure Gauge: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
A Bellows Pressure Gauge is a mechanical device used to measure pressure in fluid systems. It operates on the principle of expansion and contraction of bellows (a flexible, accordion-like component) when exposed to pressure variations. This movement is converted into a readable measurement using a mechanical linkage and pointer.
Induced Draught Cooling Tower: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
An Induced Draught Cooling Tower is a type of cooling tower where an induced draught fan is placed at the top of the tower to pull air through the system. This improves heat exchange efficiency and ensures uniform airflow across the cooling media. These towers are widely used in industries like power generation, HVAC systems, and chemical plants.
Forced Draught Cooling Tower: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
A Forced Draught Cooling Tower is a type of cooling tower where a fan or blower is used to force air through the tower to enhance the cooling effect. It is typically used in industrial applications to cool water or other fluids by evaporative cooling, transferring heat from the water to the air.
Natural Draught Cooling Tower: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
A Natural Draught Cooling Tower (NDCT) is a specialized heat exchange structure used in power plants and industrial facilities to remove excess heat by utilizing natural airflow. Unlike mechanical draft cooling towers, NDCTs rely on temperature and density differences to drive air circulation, making them energy-efficient and cost-effective over time.
Surface Condenser: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Types, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
A surface condenser is a type of heat exchanger used in power plants and industrial applications to condense exhaust steam from turbines into water. It operates under vacuum conditions to improve efficiency by maximizing the temperature difference between steam and coolant.
Throttling Calorimeter: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
A throttling calorimeter is a device used to measure the dryness fraction (quality) of steam. It operates on the principle of throttling expansion, where high-pressure steam undergoes an adiabatic expansion through a throttling valve, leading to a drop in pressure and a rise in entropy. This enables determining the dryness fraction of steam by measuring the temperature and pressure after throttling.
Bomb Calorimeter: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
A bomb calorimeter is a scientific instrument used to measure the heat of combustion of a substance. It operates under constant volume conditions and is commonly used in thermodynamic studies, food science, and fuel analysis. The device consists of a strong, sealed container called a bomb, in which the sample is burned in an oxygen-rich atmosphere to determine its energy content.
Sling Psychrometer: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
A sling psychrometer is a simple hygrometer used to measure relative humidity in the atmosphere. It consists of two thermometers: a wet-bulb thermometer and a dry-bulb thermometer. By swinging the instrument in the air, evaporation from the wet-bulb thermometer causes a temperature drop, which helps determine humidity levels. It is widely used in various scientific, industrial, and agricultural applications to assess environmental conditions accurately.