Cogeneration, also known as Combined Heat and Power (CHP), is a process that simultaneously produces electricity and useful thermal energy from a single fuel source. It enhances overall efficiency by utilizing waste heat for heating, cooling, or industrial processes, reducing energy losses compared to conventional power generation.
Thermal Engineering
Benson Boiler: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
The Benson boiler is a high-pressure, water-tube boiler that operates on the principle of supercritical steam generation. It is a once-through boiler, meaning that water is converted into steam without the need for a drum. It was invented by Mark Benson in 1922 and is widely used in modern power plants for efficient steam generation. … Read more
Locomotive Boiler: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
A locomotive boiler is a fire-tube, multi-tube, horizontal, internally fired type of boiler primarily used in railway engines. It generates steam by burning solid fuel (coal) and is designed to produce high-pressure steam for operating locomotive engines efficiently.
The locomotive boiler consists of a large cylindrical shell with multiple fire tubes, a firebox, and a steam dome, enabling it to produce high steam pressure rapidly.
Cochran Boiler: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
The Cochran boiler is a vertical, multi-tubular, fire-tube boiler commonly used for small industrial applications. It is simple in design, occupies less floor space, and is known for its reliability.
What is Cochran Boiler?
A Cochran boiler is a vertical, fire-tube boiler with a hemispherical shell and multiple horizontal fire tubes. It uses solid, liquid, or gaseous fuels to generate steam for various industrial purposes.
Hartnell Governor: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
A Hartnell Governor is a type of centrifugal governor that uses a spring-loaded mechanism to control the speed of an engine by adjusting the fuel supply. Unlike conventional Watt or Proell governors, which rely solely on centrifugal force, the Hartnell Governor uses a spring to improve stability and responsiveness.
It is classified as a spring-loaded governor and is widely used in high-speed engines due to its fast response, compact design, and improved speed regulation.
Watt Governor: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
A Watt Governor is a type of centrifugal governor used in steam engines to regulate speed by controlling the fuel supply. It was invented by James Watt and is one of the earliest mechanical governors. The working principle of the Watt governor is based on centrifugal force, which varies with engine speed.
The governor consists of two rotating balls (masses) attached to arms, which move outward or inward as the engine speed changes. This movement is used to adjust the throttle valve, thereby regulating the fuel or steam supply and maintaining a constant engine speed.
Porter Governor: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
Governors are mechanical devices used to regulate the speed of an engine by controlling the fuel or steam supply. The Porter Governor is an improved version of the Watt Governor that includes a central dead weight in addition to the rotating balls. This additional weight enhances stability and precision, making it more effective for speed control in engines.
Loeffler Boiler: Definition, Working, Parts, Diagram, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
The Loeffler Boiler is a high-pressure, water tube boiler that operates on the principle of forced circulation and superheating steam using the heat from flue gases. It was developed to overcome the problem of salt and sediment deposition in water tube boilers. The Loeffler boiler is widely used in power plants to generate high-pressure steam.
Key Features:
- Uses a steam circulating pump to force circulation.
- Employs superheated steam instead of water for evaporation.
- Works efficiently in high-pressure operations (100-140 bar).
Battery Ignition System: Definition, Working, Diagram, Construction, Advantages, Applications & Disadvantages
The Battery Ignition System is commonly used in automobiles to ignite the air-fuel mixture inside the engine’s combustion chamber. It utilizes a battery to generate the necessary electrical energy, which is then converted into a high-voltage spark to ignite the fuel.